Joan of Arc

In my last History of Medieval England class this morning we spent a good portion of time discussing Joan of Arc, her role in the Hundred Years War, as well as the impact that she made on the Catholic Church. I thought the discussion was very interesting, especially since it dealt with many of the ideas that I have been thinking about and what I have been talking about in my last post.

Joan came from very humble beginnings and was the daughter of a peasant family in France born in 1412. Her life drastically changed when she began hearing voices, voices that she stated were those of the saints directing her to do things. At first the voices directed her to do everything that a good Catholic would do, such as praying regularly and obeying her parents, but later the instructions became much more political and drastic, such as directing the French heir to the throne to take over the country and to expel the English invaders that had captured a good portion of France. Joan acted promptly, helping the the Dauphine (French heir to the throne) to raise an army and, unheard of during that time, leading the French army into a series of victories and eventually expelling the English from France.

However, in 1421 Joan was captured by Burgundian troops and sent to England. There she was put on trial in England, not for leading troops or helping the French, but for claiming that the voices she heard were truly divinely revealed. These charges were so serious that when Joan was convicted she was labeled a heretic and burned at the stake, even though she never directly questioned or challenged the authority of the Church.

What interested me the most about the story of Joan of Arc is the response to her revelations throughout time. Interpreted back then, Joan's revelations were seen as a direct attack on the sovereignty of the clergy, them being the only ones capable of interpreting and distributing biblical truth. This seems odd today, mainly because of our protestant background as well as the fact that none of Joan's revelations appeared to be counter-scriptural. But perhaps the most interesting interpretation is that of the modern day. In most contemporary circles, Joan is labeled as a schizophrenic, an individual haunted by strange voices in her mind which ultimately gave her a distorted sense of reality. But this view also seems out of balance, considering the fact that Joan was not unstable, most of her revelations were true, and she had remarkable leadership skills, skills that normally would almost certainly not be present in an 18 year old girl. Once again, we also need to weight the fact that none of Joan's revelations were counter to scripture and did have truth to them from a more balanced point of view.

Whether or not the revelations of Joan of Arc were truly divinely revealed or not is still unclear and is still being debated, but it does bring up an interesting point regarding how cultures respond to direct revelation. When I heard that story, I suppose I just wondered how we would respond to a Joan of Arc in our time and place and, if her revelations were indeed supported by scripture and biblical truth, if we respond to it in the same way that others have in the past.